Becker first worked in the 1930s as an assistant to Director Jean Renoir during what is considered the latter's peak period, including such works as La Grande Illusion (1938) and The Rules of the Game (1939). Part of the Comité de libération du cinéma français, the Nazis held Becker in prison for a year during the German occupation of France in World War II. During the occupation, he became a Director in his own right. He would go on to direct the period romance Casque d'Or (1952), the influential gangster film Touchez pas au grisbi (1954), and the prison escape drama Le Trou (1959). While he remains lesser-known internationally than peers such as Marcel Carné and Renoir, Becker is nonetheless regarded as a major French filmmaker, with Casque d'Or held in high esteem among film critics.